Permutation padlock



April 18, 1933- w. TREWHELLA PERMUTATION PADLOCK Filed 001:. 28, 1950 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 "a W 3 a April 1933. W. TREWHELLA V PERMUTATION PADLOCK Filed Oct. 28, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 30 tiallyexposed ring,

Patented Apr. 18, 1933 UNITED STATES PATEN r OFFICE PERMUTATION rADLocK Application filed October 28, 1930, Serial No. 491,778, and in Australia December 24, 1929.

The present invention refers to looks of the portable or padlock type in most of which a hasp is used,'the free end of which co-acts with a" lock bolt and unlocks with the latter which is controlled by gateways and in some cases a series oftumblers which require to be rotated into a predetermined position before the hasp can be released from the locked posit-ion. In a padlock of this type it is more or less an easy matter to punch out a pivot of the hasp andthereby break open the lock.

The improvements have been devised to provide a simple and highly efficient padlock in the broad distinguishing characteristic of which are a pair of bodymembers pivotally connected together, a pair of interengaging hooked hasp members integral with said body members with locking and controlling elements to control the relative swivelling movement of said-body members on each other.

The preferred locking elements comprise revolvable locking rings, one of which is partly exposed and bears a set of key symbols o, arranged circumferentially and adjacent to another set of symbols arranged similarly on the body of the lock, the other ring being concealed within the lock. The concealed ring or rings is or are adapted to berotated by means of suitable connections with the parand both locking rings are'provided with notches adapted to function with a tongue in the-lock as will be explained later. (For simplicity in this specification these rings are referred to as the partly exposed locking rings and the concealed locking ring.) Alternatively, both the locking rings may be exposed and bear key symbols and both be rotated directly by hand manipulation.

The hasp members mentioned are solidly integral with the body members described, and in the absence of any pivot pin it will only be possible for an unauthorized person to break open the look by violent means or by the use of a hack-saw which latter operation would involve an appreciable amount of time- The body members described are so arranged that in the closed position of the 0 hasp members a locking tongue or the like disposed within the lock takes up locking engagement with both the body members,

"so that the swivelling movementof the latter cannot be effected until a controlling member or members are manuallyactuated or moved into a predetermined position to permit withdrawal of the said locking tongue or the like. p

The locking tongue, according to diiierent forms of the invention may be moved axially, radially or diametrically to be released from or engage notches formed in parts of the lock and said tongue may be manually operated or actuated through the swivelling movement of the body members.

Various examples of the invention will now bedescribed with relation to the accom panying drawings. Figs. 1 to 5 illustrate one form of the invention and thereini Fig. 1 is afront elevation of the padlock. Fig. 2 a side-elevation, and r Fig. 3 a similar view showing the padlock in preliminary opening position.

' Fig. 4 is an enlarged rear elevation with the rear body member removed, and

Fig. 5 a vertical section of the padlock. 5 Figs. 6 to 11 illustrate another form of the invention and therein Fig. 6 is a front elevation. Fig. 7 a side elevation, and Fig. 8 a front elevation of the padlock in preliminary'opening position. i

Fig. 9 is a plan of the look. I Fig. 10. is an enlarged rear elevation (broken) with the rear body member removed, and,

Fig. 11 is a horizontal section of the padlock.

' -Fig. 12 is a section through a similar padlock in which the construction is slightly varied. a 7

According to the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5 the padlock has a front body member A and a rear body member B and the approximately circular centre of each body member is formedwith an oflset hasp member 1-2, and the terminal books of said members overlap for'interengagement and for this purpose are terminally stepped as at 3 and shown more clearly in Fig. 9.

The two body members A and B are centrally apertured and swivel on each other or on a central element 4 and the adjacent faces of said members are formed with a series of interengaging blunt teeth or abutments 5.

A central partly exposed rotatable locking ring 6 bearing key letters or members 7 is provided between the body members, and said ring fits loosely in a large central hole 8 in the front body member A which latter also bears key letters or numbers 9.

As illustrated in Fig. 5 the rotary ring 6 is mounted on the central element 4 so as to rotate therewith, and for this purpose the ring 6 and a finger grip 4 are jammed against opposite sides of the central collar 4 of said element when the ends of the latter are riveted as shown.

To avoid the possibility of two letters or numbers on the ring coinciding with two in the body member A at the same time, the angular spacing of those on the ring differs from that of those on the body member. Between said front body member A and said ring 6 is an annular recess 10 in which is located the other rotatable concealed locking friction ring F which is frictionally held in position.

The locking ring 6 bearing the key symbols 7 is provided with a projection 12 that en gages an abutment 16 on the friction locking ring F to partially rotate same.

The front body member A is formed with a radially projecting tongue 13 adapted to engage a recess or gap 14 formed in the locking ring 6 and a similar recess or gap 15 in the locking ring F.

When these recesses or gaps 14 and 15 are non-coincident with each other and the tongue 13, the pair of hasp members 1, 2 are securely held together.

In order to open the padlock the locking ring 6 is partially rotated by the finger grip 4 according to the code symbols arranged.

In this form the locking ring 6 is turned so that its projection 12 engages abutment 16 and moves the other co-acting locking ring F till its gap 15 is opposite tongue 13, in which position it is frictionally held. Then locking ring 6 is rotated in reverse direction till its gap 14 is opposite said tongue. lvith said gaps 14 and 15 coincident with the tongue 13, the front body member A can be moved in an axial direction a short distance away from the rear body member B so that the tongue 13 is also moved in an axial direction into the coincident notches and the blunt teeth 5 on the body members are separated as in 8, then said members A and B may be swivelled on the central element 4 in opposite directions to separate the terminal ends of the hasp members 1, 2 and so open the padlock.

According to the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 6 to 11 the rear body member B has a central projecting boss or central element 17 which is preferably hollow and the two locking rings 6 and F are rotatably mounted thereon while the front body member is loosely mounted on these rings.

The central opening 18 of the front body member is elongated or oval and one end thereof is formed with an inward radially projecting tongue 19 which is adapted to engage recesses or gaps 20, 21 formed respectively in the concealed locking ring F and the partly concealed locking ring 6 mounted on the boss 17. A small spring 22 fitted between the locking ring F and the boss 17 bears against the latter and normally prevents said locking ring from rotating, the latter operation being effected by the abutment or projection 23 on the locking ring 6 which as previously described engages a stop or projection 24 on the other locking ring F. In this case the projection 23 engages a groove 25 in the locking ring F and the dead end of said groove constitutes the projection 24.

The heel portion of each hasp member 1, 2 is formed with a shoulder or abutment 26 and each shoulder is adapted to engage a corresponding shoulder or abutment 27 formed on the central portion of the adjacent body member by which means these shoulders or abutments act to lock the hasp members and in addition the ends of the hasp members 1, 2 are stepped as at 3, Fig. 9, to interlock.

When the padlock is closed the tongue 19 bears against the side of the concealed locking ring F, and the boss of the partly exposed locking ring 6, but when the locking ring 6 is rotated according to the permutation code the notches 20, 21 in the locking ring F and the locking ring 6 come opposite said tongue, then the said tongue and with it the body member A may be moved in a radial direction as in Fig. 8 into the notches 20, 21 and this relatively opposite movement of the body members causes the shoulders 26, 27 to become disengaged so that the members A and B may be rotated in opposite directions, thereby unlocking and separating the ends 1 and 2 of the hasp members.

The outer edge of the boss 17 may be bent or riveted over the rotary ring member 6 as at 74, Fig. 11, and thereby retain all the parts of the padlock together and obviate the necessity of a central bolt or screw.

According to a slight modification of the construction just described in Fig. 12, the locking rings 6 and F are mounted on the boss 30 fitted in the member B and the fixed set of symbols are formed on the member C integral with said boss. The member A with the tongue and enlarged central spring are loosely mounted on the locking rings as previously described and for the same purpose as the construction described in Figs. 61l.

I claim 1. A padlock comprising two body members pivotally connected together at their centers and each-having a shackle arm, said shackle arms being adapted to form a shackle opened and closed by the pivotal movement of said body members, each of said members having a plurality of abutments, those of each member adapted to engage the abutments on the other body member, one of said body members also having a tongue, a plurality of rotatable concentrically arranged locking rings in one of said body members, and each formed with a gap, said tongue being adapted'to bear against said rings when in locked position, and to enter the gaps in said rings when in unlocked position, and,

means to move said rings to align said gaps with said tongue.

2. A padlock comprising two body members pivotally connected together at their centers and each having a shackle arm, said shackle arms being adapted to form a closed or an opened shackle by the pivotal movement of said body members, each of said members having a plurality of abutments, those on one member adapted to engage the abutments on the other body member, one of said members also having a tongue, a plurality of rotatable concentrically arranged locking rings in oneiof said body members, and each formed with a gap, said tongue being adapted to bear against said rings when in locked position, and to enter the gaps in said rings when in unlocked position, one of said body members having a series of symbols in a circle concentric with the rings, one of said rings having another series of symbols adjacent to the series in the body member, and also having means to enable said ring to be manually rotated, each locking ring also having an abutment arranged the one to engage the abutment onthe other locking ring to transmit rotary movement from one ring to another.

3. A padlock comprising two body members pivotally connected together at their centers and each having a shackle arm, said shackle arms being'adapted to form a shackle opened and closed by relative movement of said body members and each said member having an abutment, that of each member adapted to engage that of the other member and one of said members having a tongue, a plurality of rotatable concentrically 7 arranged locking rings in one of said body members each formed with a gap, said tongue being adapted to engage in the gaps of said rings and means to operate said rings.

WILLlAM TREWHELLA. 

